Convert Roman numerals to numbers, numbers to Roman numerals, or both on one page. Choose how high the numbers run, from clock faces up to the thousands.
Grade 3–Grade 6 · every refresh draws a new set · answer key included
Roman numerals worksheets
Write each Roman numeral as a number.
Roman numerals worksheets — answer key
Write each Roman numeral as a number.
24 problems · US Letter · answer key — 2 sheets, page breaks marked in the preview
Roman numerals survive on clock faces, book chapters, film credits and monuments, which is the honest reason they are still taught: not as arithmetic, but as reading. The system has no zero and no place value, so it rewards a completely different habit from the rest of a maths lesson — reading left to right, adding as you go, and watching for the pairs where a smaller symbol in front means subtract. This page goes in both directions, because recognising XLII and producing it are separate skills.
Grade 3 to Grade 6, ages eight to twelve. The clock face range is where most classes start, usually alongside telling the time. Up to 100 is the standard exercise; the full range to 3999 is for pupils who have the subtractive pairs secure and need something to stretch them.
Start with reading rather than writing — Roman numeral to number is markedly easier, because a pupil can work through the symbols one at a time. Writing them requires choosing the largest symbol that fits and knowing when a subtractive pair is required, which is the part that goes wrong. The clock face range is worth a page of its own when the class is learning to tell the time on an analogue dial.
The dominant error is writing four as IIII and nine as VIIII: the subtractive pairs IV, IX, XL, XC, CD and CM are a rule, not a preference, and they are the only place where order changes the value. The second is repeating a symbol more than three times, usually a symptom of the same gap. Reading errors cluster on numerals where a subtractive pair sits in the middle, such as XLIV.